Spaniards have begun voting in the country's fourth election in as many years with Catalonia's secession drive and the predicted rise of a far-right party dominating the campaign.
The election Sunday was called by incumbent Socialist Prime Minister Pedro Sanchez, who won most votes in the last ballot in April but failed to whip up enough parliamentary support to form a government.
Sanchez is tipped to win again but Spain may face another stalemate situation and months more without a stable government.
The four main parties contending centered their campaigns chiefly on ways to deal with Catalonia's independence push and the feared surge of the far-right party Vox (Voice).