Fernando Torres scored four times and David Villa claimed a hat-trick for the world and European champions at Rio's hallowed Maracana, with David Silva adding a brace and Juan Mata also finding the net yesterday.
No team had previously won by 10 goals at an international FIFA event, with Hungary (9-0 against South Korea at the 1954 World Cup, 10-1 against El Salvador at the 1982 World Cup) and Yugoslavia (9-0 against Zaire at the 1974 World Cup) the co-holders of the previous record.
"It's a very nice result. The difference between the two teams was too great," said Spain coach Vicente del Bosque.
"But we played our game and they have a way of playing that is correct. They're a very noble team."
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Spain will be assured of a place in the semi-finals if Nigeria avoid defeat against Uruguay in Salvador later in Group B. The same outcome would also end Tahiti's mathematical chance of reaching the last four.
"We've won the hearts of the fans," he said. "'Obrigado' (thank you, in Portuguese) to everyone.