Playing just his fourth ODI, Lewis struck a superb 148 but a series of run-outs ultimately hurt the West Indies as they finished on 329 for nine in response to Sri Lanka's 330 for seven.
Sri Lanka's total was set up by Niroshan Dickwella and Kusal Mendis, who both scored 94 after the West Indies had won the toss and opted to bowl first.
Brief scores
Sri Lanka: 330/7 off 50 overs (Dickwella 94, Mendis 94, de Silva 58; Holder 3-57)
West Indies: 329/9 off 50 overs (Lewis 148, Holder 45 not out; Kulasekara 2-73, Lakmal 2-67).
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