Speaking at the second conference of state finance secretaries, he said, "The tendency to spend it on non- developmental activities may in the short term appear to be attractive but in longer run it doesn't reap results."
States' share in Union taxes has substantially gone up after implementation of the 14th Finance Commission report that prescribed a record 10 per cent increase in their share in the Union taxes to 42 per cent.
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"It is quite obvious that what states were getting in 13th Finance Commission and what they are getting now. It may have come down in one or two heads but substantially the other over all volumes have increased. Now an important onus on us is to actually spend and then make sure how and where we spend it," he said.
Jaitley said national focus is on larger expenditure on social sector, infrastructure creation and rural areas, which have conventionally been found lacking in the past.
"And therefore we must focus on specific expenditure in those areas," he said.
Talking of the manner in which resource must reach people, he said greater reliance on Aadhaar-based direct benefit transfer is going to be a clear agenda in future.
"We also have to ensure that some states depending on parameters have been given some additional fiscal space but all of us will have to learn to live and spend within means and stick to fiscal discipline.
"We have seen that ever since we have shown this tendency of spending more yet sticking to fiscal discipline, this has brought immediate results in terms of interest rates and India's credibility," he said.