Swedish researchers at Danderyd Hospital, Stockholm, asked all patients attending an out-patient clinic over a 16-month period to complete the Nottingham Health Profile, a generic quality of life survey used to measure subjective physical, emotional and social aspects of health.
As many as 496 patients agreed to take part - 379 were stroke patients and 117 had experienced a transient ischemic attack (TIA), often known as a mini stroke.
"Our study shows that female stroke patients are more affected than male stroke patients when it comes to quality of life" said co-author Dr Ann Charlotte Laska from the Division of Internal Medicine.
"Stroke is a disease that can affect many aspects of a patient's life," explains co-author Dr Asa Franzen-Dahlin, a nurse researcher from the hospital's Department of Internal Medicine.
"Physical problems are easy to identify, but personality changes and cognitive decline - a reduction in the ability to think, concentrate, formulate ideas, reason and remember - are often only noticeable to those closest to the patient," she said.
Response rates were 50 per cent in the stroke group and 40 percent in the TIA group.
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The stroke patients (50 per cent men) ranged from 34 to 93 years, with an average age of 73, and the TIA patients (52 per cent men) ranged from 42 to 94 years, with an average age of 77.
Male stroke and TIA patients tended to be younger than female stroke and TIA patients (72 versus 75 years and 76 versus 78 years respectively).
Women stroke patients were significantly more affected in five of the six quality of life domains - emotion, sleep, energy, pain and mobility - than men. The only exception was social domain.
Female TIA patients were significantly more affected in all quality of life domains than male TIA patients.
The research is published in the Journal of Clinical Nursing.