Kiev announced last week that it was halting preparations for the signing of a political and trade agreement with the European Union, after Russia imposed trade restrictions and threatened more to come.
Up to 3,000 students from Kiev universities walked out of lecture halls and marched through Kiev to join several thousand other protesters on two central squares, calling on President Viktor Yanukovych to change his mind and sign the agreement with the EU at a summit on Friday.
"Let us say this straight away: The European Union provided no help for us here, other than general declarations," Azarov told foreign reporters. "We received no concrete help."
Azarov called for trilateral talks with Russia, Ukraine and the EU and said the issue of Ukraine's integration with the 28-member bloc can be taken up again at a summit next spring, but added that Kiev was now focusing on restoring ties with Russia. In Brussels, officials said they were ready to continue negotiations with Ukraine in the coming months.
Meanwhile, thousands of activists rallied in Kiev's two central squares in an echo of the 2004 Orange Revolution, which overturned a rigged election and brought a pro-Western government to power.
"We feel ourselves part of Europe and now the authorities want to take this identity away from us," said Yehor Mnishek, a student from Kiev. "It's like cutting off someone's arm or head.