The space station had been operating since spring with only seven of its eight solar-power channels. Today's work by Reid Wiseman and Butch Wilmore NASA's second spacewalk in two weeks brought the energy capability back up to 100 per cent.
The spacewalkers encountered balky bolts but still managed to complete the job in the allotted time, with less than two minutes to spare.
"Yoo-hoo!" they cheered as NASA declared victory.
The voltage regulator shorted out in May but could not be replaced until now because of a yearlong hiatus in nonemergency spacewalks by NASA.
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Wiseman took part in the October 7 spacewalk that jump-started NASA's outside maintenance, accompanied by a German. This time, Wiseman was joined by Wilmore, who made his first spacewalk.
To avoid an electrical shock, the two spacewalkers waited until darkness before attempting to remove the old voltage regulator, so there would be no discharge. They took in the view 260 miles (420 kilometres) below as they waited for the space station to fly into the night side of Earth.
"I see Cairo!" Wiseman said. "Can't quite make out the pyramids, though."
Wiseman removed the 330-pound (150-kilogram) boxy regulator from its slot and, with Wilmore's help, popped in the new one. But once again, they ran into bolt trouble, this time in securing the new device.
The minutes ticked away as Mission Control debated how much longer to keep up the effort, before stopping for the next orbital sunrise. With less than 10 minutes remaining, flight controllers advised Wiseman to try tightening the bolt with the ratchet wrench. It worked. "Outstanding news," Mission Control radioed.