The confirmation of Karki's appointment means Nepal now will have woman as its President, Speaker of Parliament and the chief justice of the Supreme Court.
64-year-old Karki, who has done her Masters in Political Science from Banaras Hindu University, is known for her 'zero-tolerance' for corruption.
Speaking at the hearing by the Parliamentary Hearing Special Committee, Karki told lawmakers that the Supreme Court faces a tough time due to a shortage of judges, The Himalayan Times reported.
Karki was recommended for the top judicial post on April 10 this year by the Judicial Council.
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Her appointment was pending because of the delay in the formation of the PHSC due to some technical reasons.
Karki is known for judgments like allowing women to pass their citizenship to their children, previously open only to men.
She took charge of the Supreme Court as the Acting Chief Justice since her predecessor Kalyan Shrestha retired on April 14.
Karki began legal practice in March 1979.
She will head the judiciary till June 6, 2017.