The company laid out its position in a letter yesterday to the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration obtained by The Associated Press that rejected the agency's demand for a recall.
It sets the stage for a confrontation at a House subcommittee hearing on the matter this morning.
In a statement, NHTSA called Takata's response "disappointing" and said it will review the response to determine the agency's next steps.
The inflators can explode with too much force, spewing shrapnel into the passenger compartment. At least five deaths and dozens of injuries have been linked to the problem worldwide.
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But in its letter, Takata told Frank Borris, director of NHTSA's Office of Defects Investigation, that the agency is basing its demand for a national recall on slim evidence.
A national recall would add 8 million vehicles to previous recalls, Takata said.
Takata has maintained that prolonged exposure to airborne moisture can cause the inflator propellant to burn faster than designed, causing it to explode with too much force.
But NHTSA, in its letter demanding a national recall, pointed to inflator ruptures that injured drivers in California and North Carolina both outside the recall zone.
Takata, however, told the agency that the California case involving a 2005 Honda Accord already is covered by a Honda service campaign, making a recall unnecessary.
A 2007 Ford Mustang in the North Carolina case has not been examined by either Takata or NHTSA, the letter said.