President John Magufuli, who himself took power earlier this month after winning October 25 elections, nominated former teacher Kassim Majaliwa as the country's new prime minister.
"I hereby propose the name of Kassim Majaliwa, so that the National Assembly endorse him in accordance with relevant procedures," a letter from Magufuli said, read in parliament in the capital Dodoma by the Speaker Job Ndugai.
Majaliwa, aged 60, and a stalwart of the ruling Chama Cha Mapinduzi (CCM) party, comes from the southeastern Lindi district. He was a former deputy minister in the local government ministry, overseeing school education.
Magufuli's win in the October 25 poll with over 58 per cent of votes cemented the long-running CCM's firm grip on power.
Also Read
"This is a little known politician - it is a surprise appointment," said Zainab Vullu, a member of parliament, describing him as "very humble and hardworking."
Majaliwa succeeds Mizengo Pinda, who held the post since 2008. Pinda was caught up in accusations of graft in 2014, claims he always denied.
Tanzania's elections were largely peaceful, but the opposition said the vote was rigged and also claimed victory, while semi-autonomous Zanzibar - which also voted for its own president - annulled polls over irregularities.
Zanzibar, where the economy is dependent on tourism, has experienced sectarian and political tensions in recent years, including several grenade explosions.