Some of the pilgrims in the Iraqi capital's northern neighbourhood of Kadhimiyah, where the 8th century Imam Moussa al-Kadhim is buried, are pounding their chests in grief while others are flagellating themselves with chains or carrying a symbolic coffin of the imam, wrapped in a green cloth.
The annual commemoration events culminate today. Security forces have blocked major roads in Baghdad to protect the pilgrims, who have been making their way on foot this week to the shrine.