The move follows weeks of mass rallies in the Bangkok that have sparked several bouts of violence, including grenade attacks and shootings that both sides have blamed on each other.
The government reiterated today that it was ready to declare a state of emergency if needed to control the situation.
Demonstrators blocked the entrances to state offices in 12 provinces in the opposition-dominated south to stop civil servants going to work, officials said.
Protesters also surrounded a government savings bank in Bangkok.
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Yingluck is under intense pressure from demonstrators, backed by the royalist establishment, to step down after more than two months of street rallies aimed at ousting her government from office and installing an unelected "people's council".
She has called an election for February but the main opposition party is boycotting the vote. The protesters are seeking to disrupt the polls and have prevented candidates from registering in some southern constituencies.
Dozens of people were wounded and one killed in grenade attacks by unknown assailants on opposition rallies on Friday and yesterday that heightened fears of growing unrest ahead of next month's election.
Deputy Prime Minister Surapong Tovichakchaikul said today that the government might declare a state of emergency to give a bigger role to the army to help deal with the unrest.
The kingdom has been periodically rocked by political bloodshed since former prime minister Thaksin Shinawatra, Yingluck's older brother, was overthrown by royalist generals in a coup seven years ago.
The latest protests were triggered by a failed amnesty bill that could have allowed Thaksin to return without going to jail for a past corruption conviction.