He is among six writers from the country who figure in the shortlists announced for the awards, which no Indian have won till date.
Last year too, there were six Indians in the reckoning. Sri Lanka's Shehan Karunatilaka had won the book prize in 2012 for his 'Chinaman: The Legend of Pradeep Mathew'.
Apart from Thayil ('Narcopolis'), Jerry Pinto ('Em and the Big Hoom'), Nilanjana Roy ('The Wildings'), Mishi Saran ('The Other Side of Light') and Farhad Sorabjee ('God on Every Wind') are the other Indian writers whose works are among 21 books shortlisted for the Commonwealth Book Prize.
The Commonwealth Book Prize is awarded for the best first novel, and the Commonwealth Short Story Prize for the best piece of unpublished short fiction.
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To mark the 25th anniversary of the Commonwealth Writers' Prize in 2011, the Commonwealth Foundation re-launched its prizes to form part of Commonwealth Writers. The prizes act as catalysts to target and identify talented writers from different regions who will go on to inspire and inform their local communities.
Political, religious and social conflict run through many of this year's shortlisted entries, but there are also humorous stories, stories of hope, and stories full of imagination and power.
The final winners will be announced at the Hay Festival on May 31.