"I strongly urge you to ... take up the alarming and frequent abduction of our fishermen in their traditional waters with the highest authorities in the Sri Lankan government," he said in a letter to Prime Minister Narendra Modi.
He appealed to Modi to ensure the safety and security of Indian fishermen in the Palk Bay.
Palaniswami said recently 46 fishermen and their nine mechanised fishing boats were apprehended in separate incidents.
"So far, in 2017, 317 Tamil Nadu fishermen and 62 fishing boats have been apprehended in 59 incidents and 263 of these fishermen have been released after considerable persuasion by the governments of India and Tamil Nadu."
Sri Lanka released only 36 fishing boats out of 61 fishing boats seized in 2015, he said.
Presently, there are 140 fishing boats, including the nine fishing boats seized in recent incidents, in Sri Lanka's custody, he said, adding this is fuelling unrest among the fisher folk.
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