John Blackwell, president-elect of the British Veterinary Association (BVA), said allowing animals to bleed to death for halal and kosher meat caused unnecessary suffering.
In an interview with The Times newspaper, he urged Muslims and Jews to allow sheep, poultry and cattle to be rendered unconscious before having their throats slit.
If faith groups failed to voluntarily comply, Blackwell wants the British government to consider following Denmark's example and banning the slaughter of animals that are not stunned prior to death.
"We may well have to go down that route.
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"It would be more productive if we can have a meeting of minds rather than to say, 'You can't do it'. (Otherwise) a ban may be the only way to move the issue forward."
The Times said more than 6,00,000 animals bleed to death in religious abattoirs in Britain per week, while the halal market was estimated to be worth up to USD 3.3 billion.
It said most animals sold as halal in Britain are stunned before slaughter, which Muslim shoppers did not necessarily know.
"They will feel the cut," he said.
"They will feel the massive injury of the tissues of the neck. They will perceive the aspiration of blood they will breathe in before they lose consciousness."
Blackwell said that it was "one of the most important issues" on the radar of veterinary surgeons.
The BVA, which represents around 14,000 members, has campaigned for years for all animals to be stunned before slaughter.
The Ramadhan Foundation, a Muslim organisation which aims to promote understanding among non-Muslims, condemned Blackwell's comments "without reservation".
"Some may claim it is about animal welfare but Jews and Muslims know this is an excuse for racism and bigotry.