President Donald Trump's chief diplomat, who has all but dropped from public view since taking office a month ago, penned a brief preface to the survey of the rights record of 199 countries.
But there was no event or news conference to mark the report's launch, and the State Department provided only an anonymous "senior administration official" to respond to reporters' questions.
The report itself paints a bleak picture of the situation in many countries, but there is no attempt to draw out a global theme or to say whether things are generally getting better or worse.
Rival great powers are not spared. China is accused of the "repression and coercion" of civil society groups, and Russia is said to have tortured Ukrainian citizens detained on its territory.
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"The report speaks for itself. We're very, very proud of it," the senior official said, speaking on condition of anonymity. A former colleague was happy to go on the record to express his concern.
"Every Sec State since at least Warren Christopher personally released the human rights reports," declared Tom Malinowski, who was assistant secretary for human rights under the previous US administration.
International watchdog Human Rights Watch linked Tillerson's no-show to what it fears is a broader decision by Trump's administration to downplay America's leadership role on the issue.
"Trump's anti-Muslim refugee policy and hinted cuts to foreign aid have heightened concerns that the US won't be a vocal player on human rights issues abroad," HRW Washington director Sarah Margon said.
Tillerson's absence, she added "reinforces the message to governments, rights activists and at-risk minorities that the State Department might also be silent on repression, abuse and exploitation."
"For first time in a long time @StateDept #humanrights report will not be presented by Secretary of State. I hope they reconsider," tweeted Senator Marco Rubio, a member of the foreign relations committee.