Klaas Haytema, 30, in handcuffs, wept with his girlfriend before he left for jail.
He had been arrested in late September after a crowd gathered around his hotel in protest when the loudspeakers at a nearby religious hall were turned off.
The man who was reciting the sermon pressed charges against Haytema.
Local media reported that he apologized and said he hadn't known the loudspeakers were broadcasting religious content.
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He could have been sentenced to up to two years in prison for insulting religion in the predominantly Buddhist country, but the judge said he opted to find him guilty of a lesser charge to "show mercy."
It was unclear if Haytema would file an appeal. Mandalay, a major tourist attraction in central Myanmar, is the country's cultural capital and the former seat of Burmese kings. It is culturally and religiously conservative.
In early 2015, a Myanmar court sentenced a New Zealand bar manager, Phil Blackwood, to two years in prison after he posted an image of Buddha wearing headphones on the bar's official Facebook page in late 2014. Blackwood was released in an amnesty earlier this year.
A community leader involved in Haytema's case, Chit San, said he called police when tempers flared after Haytema acted. "We could not negotiate peacefully because people were angry, so we called the police to control the situation," Chit San said. "We actually didn't want him to get arrested.