"From 1200 local time, units of the moderate opposition and government forces will completely stop firing," defence ministry spokesman Igor Konashenkov said in a statement.
Konashenkov said Moscow and Syrian opposition groups had reached an agreement on the "operational details" of a "de- escalation zone" north of the city of Homs at talks in Cairo on July 31.
The zone is the third to be established in Syria under a Russian-led initiative aimed at halting fighting in four areas between President Bashar al-Assad's forces and rebels.
Russia has been behind a push to pacify Syria since the start of this year after tipping the six-year conflict in favour of Assad with its game-changing military intervention in 2015.
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Konashenkov said Russian military police will set up two checkpoints and three observation posts on Friday along the boundaries of the zone dividing the two forces.
Rebels had agreed to "unblock" part of a road running through the safe zone between the cities of Homs and Hama and a "Committee for National Justice" made up of rebels and local groups would help oversee the implementation of the plan, he said.
Towns in the area were among the first to fall to Assad's opponents in 2012 after a revolt against his rule.
They have remained outside the hands of jihadist groups including the Islamic State (IS), which do not fall under the Russian deal.
Russia last month struck a deal with the United States and Jordan for a ceasefire in another southern zone, where Moscow has now deployed its military police.
Under a second agreement sealed with rebels in July Russian forces also set up two checkpoints and four observation posts in an area covering conflict-ravaged Eastern Ghouta near Damascus.
However, negotiations on that zone have been complicated by conflicting interests between the international powers.
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