The Russian, Victor Podobnyy, was one of three men charged in connection with a Cold War-style Russian spy ring.
According to the court documents, Podobnyy tried to recruit Carter Page, an energy consultant working in New York at the time, as an intelligence source. Page is referred to in the filing as "Male-1."
Page briefly served as a foreign policy adviser to Trump's campaign, though he split from the campaign before the election and the White House says the president has no relationship with him.
Page acknowledged in a statement last night that he "shared basic immaterial information and publicly available research documents" with Podobnyy.
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He described the information as "nothing more than a few samples from the far more detailed lectures" he delivered at New York University in 2013.
BuzzFeed News first reported on the filings.
Trump has vigorously denied that he or his associates were in contact with Russia during the election. He's blasted the focus on his possible Russia ties as a "ruse" and has insisted that the real story is the leaking of information to the media and allegations that he and his associates were improperly surveilled by the Obama administration.
Page's contacts with Podobnyy happened about three years before Trump listed him as a foreign policy adviser to the campaign. Trump and his advisers have been vague about how Page became connected with the campaign.
The court filings include a transcript of Podobnyy speaking with Igor Sporyshev, who was also charged in the spy ring, about Page.
"I like that he takes on everything," Podobnyy says. "For now his enthusiasm works for me. I also promised him a lot."
Separately, The Washington Post yesterday reported that the United Arab Emirates arranged a secret meeting in January between an American businessman supporting Trump and a Russian close to President Vladimir Putin as part of an apparent effort to establish a back-channel line of communication between Moscow and the incoming president.
The meeting took place nine days before Trump's inauguration and involved businessman Erik Prince, the Post reported.
Prince, the founder of the security firm Blackwater and now the head of the Hong Kong-based company Frontier Services Group, has ties to Trump chief strategist Steve Bannon and is the brother of Education Secretary Betsy DeVos.
In response to the Post story, White House press secretary Sean Spicer said "we are not aware of any meetings" and a Prince spokesman said the meeting "had nothing to do with President Trump." Both said Prince had no role in the Trump transition.
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