66-year-old Mattis, who memorably said "it's fun to shoot some people", would add to a cabinet of national security super-hawks and signal a return to a more aggressive defence of American interests abroad.
"I am proud to nominate General James Mattis to Secretary of Defence. He is one of the most effective generals and extraordinary leaders of our time, who has committed his life to his love for our country," Trump said in Fayetteville, North Carolina.
If confirmed, Mattis would replace Carter who is scheduled to be in India this week on his farewell trip.
Mattis commanded at multiple levels during his 44- yearcareer as an infantry Marine.
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Before retiring in 2013, he was the Commander of US Central Command (CENTCOM), directing military operations of more than 200,000 soldiers, sailors, airmen, Coast Guardsmen, and Marines across the Middle East.
"To the President-elect, our soon to be commander in chief, to our military personnel, to the talented civilians in the Department of Defence, and to the American people, I pledge the best of my abilities to ensuring a strong and secure America," he said.
As a lieutenant colonel, Mattis commanded an assault battalion breaching the Iraqi minefields in Operation Desert Storm.
As a colonel, he commanded the 7th Marine Regiment and, on Pentagon duty, he served as the Department of Defence Executive Secretary. As a brigadier general, he was the Senior Military Assistant to the Deputy Secretary of Defence.
for the post, since a retired officer is needed to be out of uniform for at least seven years before taking control of the Pentagon responsibilities.
With Republicans in control on Capitol Hill and the general praise for the general's career, the waiver would likely be a formality to obtain.
Following the terrorist attacks on September 11, 2001, Mattis led theSpecial Operation Forces against the Taliban in Afghanistan. As a major general, he commanded the First Marine Division during the initial attack and subsequent stability operations in Iraq. As a general, he served concurrently as the Commander of US Joint Forces Command and as NATO's Supreme Allied Commander for Transformation.
In November 2007, Mattis was promoted to four-star general. He becameCommander of US Central Command (CENTCOM) in 2010 and directed operations across the Middle East before retiring in 2013.
Working closely with General Petraeus, General Mattis produced the Army/Marine Corps Counterinsurgency Field Manual, the definitive work on how the US military should deal with Iraqi insurgents.
He is co-editor of the book, Warriors and Citizens: American Views of Our Military.