T urkey, which spans the intersection of Europe and Asia and borders the Middle East, had long been reluctant to join the US-led coalition against the extremist group.
In a related, long-awaited development, President Recep Tayyip Erdogan confirmed that Turkey had agreed to let the US use a key base in southern Turkey for military operations against the militants "within a certain framework."
Turkish police also launched a major operation Friday against terror groups including Islamic State, carrying out simultaneous raids in Istanbul and 12 provinces and detaining more than 290 people.
Prime Minister Ahmet Davutoglu said the airstrikes Friday had "removed potential threats" to Turkey, hitting their targets with "100 percent accuracy." He did not rule out further airstrikes, saying Turkey was determined to stave off all terror threats against it.
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"This was not a point operation, this is a process," Davutoglu said. "It is not limited to one day or to one region ... The slightest movement threatening Turkey will be retaliated against in the strongest way possible."
The official, who spoke on condition of anonymity because of government rules requiring authorization for comment, said the targets were two command centers and a gathering point for IS supporters.
Rami Abdurrahman, who heads the Britain-based Syrian Observatory for Human Rights said the three Turkish airstrikes were all near the border, and struck north of the village of Hawar al-Nahr, east of the Rai area and west of the town of Jarablous.
He said the airstrikes killed nine IS fighters, wounded 12 others and destroyed at least one IS vehicle and a heavy machine gun.
The Observatory also reported that an airstrike targeted a post near the border with Turkey for al-Qaida's affiliate in Syria, the Nusra Front. It said it was not clear if Turkish warplanes or those of the US-led coalition struck the Nusra Front position.