Davutoglu made the apparent gaffe on Turkish television while seeking to rebut claims that the government's failure to crack down on IS jihadists was responsible for double bombings on Saturday in Ankara that killed 99 people.
"There is a 360-degree, not 180-degree, difference between the Islam we defend and what Daesh has on its mind," Davutoglu told Show TV late last night, using another name for the IS group.
The opposition and bloggers were quick to point out that 360 degrees implies a full circle -- the opposite of what Davutoglu apparently wanted to say.
"It's very clear what happened to the strategic depth, now it's the turn for the geometrical depth," quipped Idris Baluken, a lawmaker with the pro-Kurdish People's Democracy Party (HDP), wrote on Twitter.
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"Strategic Depth" is a well known book on Turkish foreign policy by Davutoglu, a former academic.
The main opposition Republican People's Party (CHP) shared a dictionary definition of the term "360-degree" on its official Twitter account with the caption "Education is a must."
Turkey was long accused by its NATO allies of not taking a tougher line against IS as the group seized swathes of northern Iraq and Syria and battled Kurdish militias.
Davutoglu also drew ridicule at the weekend when he said in his first remarks after the Ankara bombings that the suicide bomber in a July attack in the border town of Suruc that killed 34 people had been "caught and brought to justice".
"As prime minister, without shame, you said you arrested the perpetrator of Suruc bombing," said HDP leader Selahattin Demirtas.
"Is it possible that any good can come from someone who lies like this when addressing his nation?" he said.