Li Yongxin and Wei Jidong were executed after the Supreme People's Court approved their death sentences, said the No. 1 People's Intermediate Court of Hainan.
Both men were convicted of purchasing drugs in Guangxi Zhuang autonomous region, and transporting and selling them in Hainan between February and May of 2010.
All property belonging to the two executed was confiscated.
A total of 5.38 kg of drugs, mostly heroin, was recovered from the two men, China Daily reported.
The court in Hainan handed down the death sentence in December 2011.
Drug trafficking is a felony offence in China.