Members of the House of Commons voted yesterday by 498 to 114 to advance the bill that would give Prime Minister Theresa May the authority to invoke Article 50 of the Lisbon Treaty -- the formal process of leaving the EU.
The bill now faces further scrutiny in the Commons and the House of Lords before it can become law.
Earlier, May had confirmed that she will be publishing a White Paper on her Brexit strategy.
Under pressure from the Opposition and some of her own rebel MPs, the British PM had announced last week that she would be publishing a White Paper on the negotiating plans for Britain's exit from the EU in due course.
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"The White Paper will reflect the plan already set out by the Prime Minister in her Brexit speech," a Downing Street spokesperson told reporters at a briefing on Wednesday morning.
"History has been made," British Foreign Minister Boris Johnson tweeted after the voting.
The government was expected to win despite the Liberal Democrats and Scottish National Party voting against it.
Labour leader Jeremy Corbyn had issued a three-line whip, a strong disciplinary order, to his MPs to back the bill.
However, many Labour MPs had already indicated they would defy that whip, including Indian-origin MP Virendra Sharma.
A total of 90 MPs are likely to oppose the bill, not enough to stop Theresa May moving a step closer to be able to work towards her declared timeline of wanting to invoke Article 50 by the end of March.
David Davis, minister for exiting the European Union, had opened the debate in the House of Commons with a clear message to MPs that they must implement a decision made by the people in the June 2016 referendum - with 51.9 per cent wanting to leave the EU and 48.1 per cent wanting to remain within the 28-nation economic bloc.