The agreement, in which Russian President Vladimir Putin agreed to buy USD 15 billion of Ukrainian bonds and slash its gas bill by a third, "will not address the concerns of those who have gathered in public protest across Ukraine," spokesman Jay Carney told reporters.
"We urge the Ukrainian government to listen to its people and to find a way to restore a path to the peaceful, just, democratic and economically prosperous European future to which Ukrainian citizens aspire," he added during his daily briefing.
The ex-Soviet nation of 46 million has been at the heart of a furious diplomatic tug of war since Yanukovych's shock decision last month to ditch the landmark EU partnership agreement and seek closer ties with its traditional master Russia.
The help from Russia may allow Kiev to stave off the threat of an imminent balance-of-payments crisis and possible default amid a recession that has seen the economy shrink since the first half of last year.
But the pro-European opposition in Ukraine denounced the deal as a surrender of Ukrainian sovereignty to Russia.