The X-37B Orbital Test Vehicle mission 3 (OTV-3) touched down at Vandenberg Air Force Base in California on Friday after conducting experiments in orbit for 674 days, the US military said.
Conspiracy theorists endlessly conjecture on what the Pentagon is doing with "the newest and most advanced re-entry spacecraft."
The Air Force's two vehicles resemble small space shuttles, and have now logged a combined 1,367 days in space, the military said.
The military has spoken only in generalities about the spacecraft and its mission, CNN reported today.
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"Technologies being tested in the program include advanced guidance, navigation and control, thermal protection systems, avionics, high temperature structures and seals, conformal reusable insulation, lightweight electromechanical flight systems, and autonomous orbital flight, re-entry and landing," an Air Force statement said.
Theorists speculate the spacecraft is a space bomber, a spy plane against such targets as the Chinese space station, or merely an experiment as the government states, according to a Popular Mechanics story in 2012.
When the latest mission launched, the Air Force said it might not be the last.
"Officials anticipate multiple missions will be required to satisfy the test programme objectives, but the exact number of missions has not been determined," a statement said.