Northern and central parts of Japan have been lashed by strong winds that have dumped huge quantities of snow over the last few days, disrupting travel and cutting off isolated communities.
The Yomiuri Shimbun newspaper said 11 people were known to have died, including two people -- a 79-year-old man and a fire fighter, 29, who fell into ditches while clearing snow.
Several other, mainly elderly people have been killed on the northernmost main island of Hokkaido and in regions near the Sea of Japan (East Sea) in mainland Honshu, reports and officials have said.
Public transport networks have also been hit, with several hundred flights grounded, most of them domestic, and bullet trains suffering delays.
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More than 270 people were stranded in mountainous areas of Niigata and Nagano after the only road linking them with the outside world was blocked by an avalanche, reports said.
The Japan Meteorological Agency (JMA) was warning of the risk of further avalanches across much of the country.
Strong winds gusting at up to 140 kilometres an hour have also caused tidal surges and people in coastal areas were being warned of the danger of high waves.
More than 200 centimetres of snow was already lying in some areas, with more forecast.