"We have indications of the use of a toxic industrial chemical, probably chlorine, in Syria this month, in the opposition-dominated village of Kafr Zita," White House spokesman Jay Carney said.
"We are examining allegations that the government was responsible."
The revelation follows today's announcement by French President Francois Hollande that his country had "information" but no proof that Syrian President Bashar al-Assad's regime was still using chemical weapons.
There are conflicting accounts about one attack that happened in Kafr Zita in the central Hama province in April, with both the government and the opposition accusing each other.
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The fresh accusations come as the Organization for the Prohibition of Chemical Weapons and other experts work to remove the Assad regime's chemical stockpiles, following an agreement reached after deadly chemical attacks outside Damascus last August that the West blamed on Assad's regime.
The OPCW said last week that 65 percent of Syria's stated chemical weapons have been removed from the country.
Meanwhile, Assad announced Monday that Syria will hold a June 3 presidential election despite a brutal civil war that has killed 150,000 people since March 2011.
The move is expected to return Assad to power but Washington slammed it as "a parody of democracy."
"He is making a mockery of his own pretentions to being a democratically elected leader," Carney said.