The statement did not specify if the planes had carried out strikes or hit any possible targets after taking off from the USS Harry S. Truman, which returned to the Mediterranean yesterday.
It had been based since December in in the Persian Gulf, where it was one of the main launchpads for allied strikes aimed at degrading IS and eliminating its leadership.
A US official had earlier confirmed ammunition drops today to a US-backed group advancing on the northern Syrian town of Manbij, which is held by Islamic State.
Sixth fleet commander James Foggo said: "While the Harry S. Truman Carrier Strike Group is in the 6th Fleet area of operations (the Mediterranean), they continue to project power ashore against terrorists and violent extremists.
"This exemplifies our Navy's mobility, flexibility and adaptability, as well as our commitment to execute a full range of military operations in concert with our indispensable European allies and partners."
Fifth fleet commander Kevin Donegan said the Truman's strike group had "brought enormous pressure to bear against Daesh" while operating in the Middle East.