Austin police identified the shooter as Larry McQuilliams, 49. They said he had a criminal record but didn't elaborate.
Investigators were trying to determine his motives after he began shooting at the consulate, Austin police headquarters, the US courthouse and other locations.
Some of the buildings are near the popular Sixth Street entertainment district, where bars close at 2 am, about the same time the shootings began yesterday. Police Chief Art Acevedo noted that thousands of people are typically on the street at that time.
Mexico's Foreign Relations Department issued a statement expressing "profound concern and condemnation" of the attack, but also said "there is no evidence the shots were exclusively directed at our facility."
More From This Section
Acevedo said a sergeant who was holding the reins of two police horses after his patrol shot the gunman just outside the main entrance to police headquarters. But Acevedo said it's not clear if police fatally shot the suspect or if he took his own life.
Officers approached McQuilliams after he had been shot, but noticed cylinders in his vehicle, which was nearby, and discovered he was wearing a vest they thought may be rigged to explode. Officers retreated and a bomb squad was called. It was later determined the items were not explosive.
The fire at the consulate was extinguished before any significant damage was done to the building. The federal courthouse's guard house was shot several times, as was police headquarters, which Acevedo said was "extensively damaged." A police tactical team later went to an Austin apartment complex where McQuilliams lived as precaution. The FBI was also was participating in the investigation.