"While we do not have an extradition treaty with Russia, there is nonetheless a clear legal basis to expel Snowden," National Security spokeswoman Caitlin Hayden told AFP.
Hayden said that Snowden, currently in a transit facility at Moscow airport, could be expelled on the basis of his travel documents and the pending charges against him.
"Accordingly, we are asking the Russian government to take action to expel Snowden without delay and to build upon the strong law enforcement cooperation we have had, particularly since the Boston Marathon bombing," she said.
But taking care not to escalate the row with Russia over Snowden, Hayden said the White House agreed "with President Putin that we do not want this issue to negatively impact our bilateral relations.