Sarna, a 1980 batch officer of Indian Revenue Service (Customs and Central Excise), is at present member in the CBEC, an apex policy making body for indirect taxes.
She will take over charge from incumbent Najib Shah who completes his term this month-end.
The Appointments Committee of Cabinet has approved Sarna's appointment, an order issued by Personnel Ministry said.
The appointment comes at a time when the Centre is gearing up to roll out Goods and Services Tax (GST) - new indirect tax regime - from July 1.
The CBEC - which works under Finance Ministry - comprises of a chairperson and a maximum of six members.