Ansari, soon after his arrival in this Latin American country yesterday, inaugurated the festival that began with "Nrityaroopa", a fusion of six classical dances which was greeted with applause.
The Vice President, the first top Indian leader to make a bilateral visit to the Communist country, is scheduled to call on President Raul Castro today.
He will also hold wide-ranging talks with his counterpart Miguel Diaz-Canel Bermudez.
Despite the two countries working closely in the Non-Aligned Movement (NAM), there was never any bilateral state visit from India to Cuba in the past six decades.
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Prime Minister Manmohan Singh visited Havana in 2006 to attend the NAM summit, a multilateral engagement.
Coming at a time when China is trying to make inroads into Cuba, Ansari's visit is being seen as an attempt to strengthen India's presence in Southern America.
India had written off Cuba's debt of USD 62 million in 2008. Subsequently, a new credit line of USD 120 million was opened, of which USD 12.7 million has been spent on a milk company, a chemical industry and an animal vaccine firm.