At stumps on day 1 at the Vidarbha Cricket Association Ground, Ravi Jangid (1) was the unbeaten batsman at the crease.
Batting first, Vidarbha rode on Fazal's 266-ball knock to reach a decent total by the end of day's play.
Fazal struck 126, hitting 15 boundaries and a six.
Openers Fazal and Aditya Shanware (55) combined to put on valuable 116 runs for the first wicket to give the hosts a sound start.
Fazal then added 92 runs for the fourth wicket with Mumbai veteran Wasim Jaffer (41).
Harshal Patel (2/41) and Jayan Yadav (2/97) were the successful wicket-takers for Haryana.