The injured officers were hospitalised in the Yunnan provincial capital of Kunming, including one in critical condition, the Xinhua News Agency said.
The violence took place after police travelled to the province's Jincheng township on Tuesday looking for two people suspected of illegal detention and intentional injury, Xinhua said.
As the officers were leaving the area, about 200 residents blocked the highway in the village of Guangji, surrounding 11 officers and three police vehicles and preventing them from leaving.
Violence broke out when police reinforcements arrived and were quickly surrounded.
It wasn't clear why the villagers were angered or what was behind the alleged crimes the two suspects were being sought for. However, most such incidents in rural China are caused by illegal land seizures and anti-pollution protests, which can quickly turn violent and spin out of control.