Passenger car registrations were up by just 2.9 per cent from October 2014 in the EU, a sharp slowdown from the 9.8 per cent rise reported in September.
"October marks a break in the trend," said Flavien Neuvy, head of Cetelem's automobile research division.
"The Volkswagen affair may have caused collateral damage. We can't rule out that the size of the scandal has been such that drivers have cancelled or postponed purchases," he told AFP.
The carmaker said last week sales of VW brand cars worldwide fell by 5.3 per cent in October, as it halted deliveries of some diesel models it has admitted violate pollution standards.
"Demand for new passenger cars saw momentum slowing down in all major markets," the ACEA noted.
The UK market, Europe's second-biggest, actually shrank, by 1.1 per cent, in October.
Other markets kept growing, but less so than in recent months. The German market rose by 1.1 per cent, France by 1.0 per cent, Italy by 8.6 per cent and Spain by 5.2 per cent.
A total of 1.1 million new cars were registered across Europe in October.
Despite the sudden slowdown, October figures have put no more than a dent into the car market's performance for all of 2015.
For the first 10 months of the year, registrations were up by 8.2 per cent, translating into 11.5 million new cars on European roads.
Over that period European champions were Spain, up 20.5 per cent and Italy, 14.7 per cent higher, with both countries "benefiting from economic recovery and relatively low base comparisons".
Jean-Francois Belorgey, auto expert at consultants EY, said the release of November figures should give "a much clearer idea" on the lasting impact of Volkswagen's emissions scandal because VW was still delivering cars ordered before the scandal broke.
"They had a very big book of orders which they are now delivering," he said.
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