The opposition parties are expected to corner the BJP- led government on a host of issues, including the farm loan waiver.
The session in Nagpur, the second capital of Maharashtra, will go on for two weeks.
State Parliamentary Affairs Minister Girish Bapat has already issued the schedule for the winter session.
"Our government will table 13 new bills in both the Houses during the two weeks of the legislature starting on December 11. Besides, 11 ordinances are also going to be tabled for approval," Bapat said.
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Ahead of the session, the BJP received a boost when its candidate won a bypoll to the legislative council with more votes than the numbers in favour of the ruling coalition, indicating a crack in the opposition ranks.
Prasad Lad won 209 votes when the combined BJP-Shiv Sena tally of MLAs was 184 in the 288-member Lower House.
It clearly means Lad got 25 additional votes from the opposition parties, presumably from the Congress, the NCP and also smaller parties and independents.