Idializ Gomez had boarded the jetBlue flight 745 at the John F Kennedy International Airport in New York in the early hours of September 6 before going on her arsonist rampage.
Having boarded the aircraft, chaos broke out when the woman grabbed a lighter and successfully set fire to two blankets and an in-flight control panel.
She was arrested by the FBI when the plane landed in the southern coastal town of Pone, at the Mercedita International Airport.
The FBI released a statement after the incident, saying she had been arrested and charged with the destruction of aircraft or aircraft facilities.
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During the flight, Gomez utilised a lighter to ignite and successfully damage two blankets and a portion of the in- flight control panel of the seat next to hers, the FBI said.
The FBI statement said: "If convicted, the defendant faces up to 25 years' imprisonment.
US federal regulations allow passengers to carry one lighter in their carry-on baggage, media reports said.
Jet Blue Airways has said the incident is under investigation.