Buris Lyngdoh was rescued after people saw her being dragged by the truck in Mawblei area of the city at around 10 pm last night.
The critical injured woman was admitted to the Shillong Civil Hospital.
"We are investigating as to how the woman got entangled with a moving truck," East Khasi Hills SP M Kharkrang said.
He ruled out any foul play even as the truck driver and his handyman, who is a juvenile, were detained for questioning.