Alison Michelle Ernst, 37, of Phoenix, also was sentenced Monday to undergo mental health treatment at the discretion of probation officials, said William Carrico, the deputy federal public defender who handled her case.
US District Court Magistrate Judge George Foley Jr told Ernst to have no contact with Clinton or anyone protected by the Secret Service.
Ernst served six months in federal custody last year after throwing the shoe, raising her arms and walking to the back of a convention center ballroom at the Mandalay Bay resort where she was arrested.
Prosecutor Kathryn Newman had said accusations against Ernst escalated from throwing a pill bottle over a White House fence to trying to visit Iran to talk with that country's president to accusations that Ernst made a bomb threat on an airline flight to Qatar.
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Carrico said airline officials in the latter case misinterpreted Ernst's writings about the dangers of heavy metals and nuclear bomb-making.
Ernst pleaded guilty in Las Vegas to misdemeanor trespassing, and a misdemeanor charge of violence against a person in a restricted building was dismissed.
Ernst told an Associated Press reporter before security officers ushered reporters and photographers away that she threw the shoe.
The incident reminded some of an Iraqi journalist throwing shoes at former President George W Bush during a Baghdad news conference in December 2008. Shoe-throwing is considered an insult in Arab cultures.