The Dane, ranked six in the world, made an early exit from the Wuhan Open last week, stunned by Maria Sakkari of Greece.
She appeared determined to put that disappointment behind her in making a lightning-fast start in Beijing, punishing China's Wang Qiang in the first set.
But if the fifth seed thought she was going to have it easy, she was mistaken, as the 55th-ranked Wang harnessed the support of the crowd to fight back.
But former number one Wozniacki, the 2010 China Open champion, regained her poise to seal the deciding set with ease.
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The 27-year-old faces Anastasia Pavlyuchenkova of Russia in round two.
Also through is reigning China Open champion Agnieszka Radwanska, who defeated the German qualifier Carina Witthoeft 7-5, 6-3.
"When you're defending so many points it's always a little more pressure," Radwanska said.
"There are no easy matches and you're going to have to play your best game from the first round. I'm very happy with a two-set win.
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