Theo Bronkhorst, 52, was arrested yesterday in Zimbabwe's second largest city of Bulawayo, police said today.
"He is facing charges of moving wild animals without a permit" and smuggling of wild animals, police spokeswoman Charity Charamba said in a statement.
The arrest came days after three South Africans were arrested and charged for trying to smuggle 29 sable -- a rare and expensive breed of antelope -- out of Zimbabwe into South Africa.
Zimbabwean authorities said over the weekend the animals -- which include six calves and are valued at USD 384,000 (340,000 euros) -- were captured from a private conservancy in the northwestern resort town of Victoria Falls.
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A friend of Bronkhorst's claimed the animals had come from Zambia and that the hunter had only helped the South Africans secure an import permit into Zimbabwe.
"The only thing where Theo was involved is he facilitated their importation into Zimbabwe," he told AFP on condition of anonymity.
West Nicholson is located roughly halfway between Bulawayo and the Beitbridge border post shared with South Africa.
Local media say the smuggling bid was discovered when the cars transporting the animals got stuck on the Limpopo River bed, which divides the two countries.
The Zimbabwean hunter was the guide during a hunt which saw American dentist Walter Palmer pay USD 55,000 to shoot the popular feline Cecil, with a bow and arrow in July.
Bronkhorst was on a USD 1,000 bail pending his trial on September 28 on charges of organising an illegal hunt which led to the lion's death.
Sables are prized for their rarity and long horns, according to Peter Oberem, president of Wildlife Ranching South Africa.
"Because sable are scarce... Their value is pretty high," said Oberem, speaking from Pretoria.