Did rating agencies again trip up in their assessment of IL&FS, leaving the markets with little time to adjust to the unravelling of the infrastructure company? Or do you accept the rating wisdom that at least three non-banking financial companies (NBFCs) are AAA, and more than one public-sector banks have slipped down to AA minus or even lower on their Tier-I bonds? It means these banks are more prone to default than the highest-rated NBFCs. To get a sense of what goes when a paper is rated by a credit rating, let us examine a typical one in the case