Former Calcutta High Court judge C S Karnan was arrested on Tuesday by the West Bengal CID from Coimbatore in Tamil Nadu.
The CID acted on a Supreme Court order sentencing Karnan to six months jail.
"We have arrested former high court judge Karnan from south India," a senior officer of the CID told PTI.
The apex court had sentenced Karnan to six months jail for contempt of court on May 9, when he was a serving judge of the Calcutta High Court.