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Analysts polled by Reuters had forecast growth of 5%. The country's economy grew at a lower-than-expected 5.3% in the quarter ending in September.
The Indian economy has lost momentum in recent years. Preliminary estimates earlier this month showed the economy is on track to grow just 5% in the current fiscal to March.
The manufacturing sector grew an annual 2.5% during the quarter while farm output rose just 1.1%, the data showed. Mining fell by 1.4%.
