Unaided educational institutes too to follow affirmative action

O should not be more than two times the maximum fee determined for reserved seats.  The fees are to be determined only after giving the concerned institution an opportunity of being heard. An unaided private educational institution can appeal to the government if it does not agree with the fee structure.  The onus of conducting qualifying examinations for admission to such institutions will be, in the first instance, with the institution itself. However, if an institution fails to conduct such an examination in a fair and transparent manner, the UGC will specify the qualifying examinations by regulation.  The proposed bill excludes minority educational institutions, unaided private educational institutions established in tribal areas and courses or programmes at high levels of specialisation including at post-doctoral level.