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MSCI's broadest index of Asia-Pacific shares outside Japan shed 0.5%, hitting its lowest since October 11 and extending Friday's 1% drop.
Jakarta shares fell 0.8%, Thai stocks lost 1.5% and the Manila bourse dropped 1.7%.
"Stronger than expected US labour market report will increase fears of portfolio capital outflow from emerging markets, and will weigh on current account deficit currencies in particular," Credit Agricole CIB said in a client note.
Emerging Asian currencies came under pressure, with the Indonesian rupiah down 1% to 11,551 per dollar, hitting a one-month low, and Thai baht off 0.9% to 31.66 to a seven-week trough.
The Indian rupee was down 1.3% at 63.281 per dollar while the Philippine peso eased 0.5% to 43.38 against the greenback, a one-month low.
Major European indexes were expected to open flat to modestly higher.
US employers took on 204,000 new employees last month, almost twice the number forecast by analysts and defying expectations that the partial US government shutdown would hamper job growth.
The strong data raised the prospect the Federal Reserve may soon decide to start winding down its $85 billion-a-month bond-buying programme.
Fed Chairman Ben Bernanke and two other top policymakers suggested continued support for the US central bank's massive stimulus campaign, however.
A hedge fund manager said it was unlikely that the Fed will start reducing stimulus by year-end.
"If people get concerned about rates in the US moving higher and QE ending sooner, obviously that will have an impact. But I don't think it's going to happen anytime soon," he said.
"I just think they wouldn't do anything before the end of the year because of the impact on sentiment and consumption. I think it's too early to talk about it."
The Chinese CSI300 Index rose 0.4% in a choppy session after touching a 2-1/2 month low, with investors awaiting the end of a four-day closed-door policy meeting of the Chinese Communist Party on Tuesday that will set the economic agenda for the next decade.
China's annual inflation climbed to an eight-month high in October, fuelling market worries about policy tightening as factory output and investment data pointed to signs of stabilisation in the world's second-largest economy.
DOLLAR UP, NIKKEI ADVANCES
The dollar was steady at 99.005 yen, not far from a seven-week high of 99.41 yen reached last Thursday, and up 0.1% at $1.33585 to the euro, having gained 0.4% on Friday.
Against a basket of major currencies, the dollar stood at 81.258, within striking distance to a two-month high of 81.482 touched on Friday.
As the yen weakened, Japan's Nikkei benchmark climbed 1.3% in relatively light trade after losing 0.8% last week.
US S&P E-mini futures were little changed in Asian trade after the Standard & Poor's 500 index advanced 1.3% on Friday.
US Treasury futures added 2 ticks after the 10-year US Treasury yield rose as much as 15 basis points to a four-week high of 2.763% on Friday.
Gold slipped 0.3% to about $1,284.5 an ounce, adding to Friday's 1.5% decline and languishing near a three-week low on worries that the Fed will soon remove its support for the economy.
Brent crude prices rose 0.3% to around $105.4 a barrel, building on Friday's 1.6% rise, which broke a three-day run of losses and rebounded from a four-month trough.
