The year 2018 was lacklustre for Indian markets in terms of foreign institutional investor (FII) flows. Overseas investors pulled out around $4.5 billion from domestic stocks last year. Bulk of the outflow was on account of selling by India-dedicated active and exchange traded funds (ETFs), shows data provided by flow tracking firm EPFR and Kotak Institutional Equities. If not for inflows from emerging market funds, the net FII selling could have been higher. India received $1.6 billion worth of inflows from global emerging market (GEM) ETFs and another half a billion dollars through ETFs based on global and Asia Pacific