Oil hit $115 a barrel on Monday for the first time in more than three months as concern about supplies and hopes that governments will roll out more stimulus measures outweighed signs of weakening fuel demand.
Supply of the North Sea crudes underpinning the Brent crude contract was set to hit a record low. Sanctions have curbed Iranian output, while an intensification of debate in Israel on whether to go to war with Iran over its nuclear work added to concerns about disruption of Middle East supply.
Brent crude rose as high as $115.11 a barrel, the highest since May 4, and by 1345 GMT was up $1.34 at $114.29. U.S. oil added 64 cents to $93.51.
"The likelihood of some sort of intervention to stimulate economies is supporting the market," said Christopher Bellew, an oil broker at Jefferies Bache in London. "Also the North Sea, Iran and the Middle East are still a factor."
Supply-side concerns countered forecasts of weakening oil demand, which have weighed on prices. The International Energy Agency on Friday cut its 2013 oil demand forecast by 400,000 barrels per day, citing a slowdown in global economic activity.
"We are seeing prices rise despite weak growth outlook numbers on Friday," said Ben Le Brun, a Sydney-based market analyst at OptionsXpress. "The Israeli comments, what you see in Israeli media, is a concern. A major concern."
Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu said on Sunday that most threats to Israel's security were dwarfed by the prospect that Iran could obtain nuclear weapons, which local media reports said Tehran had stepped up its efforts to achieve.
An increase in bullish bets by financial investors is reinforcing the upward trend, Commerzbank said. Speculators raised their net long positions - bets that prices will rise - in Brent for a second week, data showed on Monday.
"The market is decoupling from fundamentals," said Carsten Fritsch, an analyst at Commerzbank in Frankfurt. "Hopes of fiscal stimulus from the Federal Reserve, China and Europe are underpinning prices for oil and other commodities markets."
NORTH SEA SUPPLY SHRINKS
Brent in particular is being supported by a drop in output, sending the price of immediate supplies to a widening premium to oil for delivery later, a structure known as backwardation.
Output of the four North Sea crudes that underpin Brent will sink to a record low in September due to oilfield maintenance and natural decline. Output from 12 North Sea production streams is set to fall by about 17 percent.
On Monday, the premium at which the nearby Brent contract, currently September, trades against the second month jumped to $2.02, the highest since October 2011.
"The backwardation in Brent is very big. I think that's because of the North Sea," Bellew said.
Supply concerns and the prospect of more government stimulus are likely to support a continued premium for prompt supplies, analysts at Bank of America Merrill Lynch said in a report.
"Exacerbated by the recent structural supply shortage in the North Sea, Iran and other countries, we could see a period of super-backwardation," the bank said.
"We also believe that further unconventional monetary easing will likely keep prices supported."
