A mother's exposure to some common environmental contaminants has been associated to more frequent and vigorous foetal motor activity, a new study has claimed.
The study led by researchers at the Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health found that some chemicals were also associated with fewer changes in foetal heart rate, which normally parallel foetal movements.
The study of 50 pregnant women found detectable levels of organochlorines in all of the women participating in the study-including DDT, PCBs and other pesticides that have been banned from use for more than 30 years.
Janet A. DiPietro, PhD, lead author of the study and Associate Dean for Research at the Bloomberg School of Public Health and her colleagues followed a sample of 50 high- and low- income pregnant women living in and around Baltimore, Maryland.
At 36 weeks of pregnancy, blood samples were collected from the mothers and measurements were taken of foetal heart rate and motor activity. The blood samples were tested for levels of 11 pesticides and 36 polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) compounds.
According to the findings, all participants had detectable concentrations of at least one-quarter of the analyzed chemicals, despite the fact that they have been banned for more than three decades.
Foetal heart rate effects were not consistently observed across all of the compounds analyzed; when effects were seen, higher chemical exposures were associated with reductions in foetal heart rate accelerations, an indicator of foetal wellbeing.
However, associations with foetal motor activity measures were more consistent and robust: higher concentrations of 7 of 10 organochlorine compounds were positively associated with one of more measures of more frequent and more vigorous foetal motor activity.
These chemicals included hexachlorobenzene, DDT, and several PCB congeners. Women of higher socioeconomic status in the study had a greater concentration of chemicals compared to the women of lower socioeconomic status
The study has been published online in the Journal of Exposure Science and Environmental Epidemiology.
